Cliff or Step? Posture‐Specific Learning at the Edge of a Drop‐Off     

Kari S. Kretch  Karen E. Adolph 《Child development》2013,84(1):226-240

Infants require locomotor experience to behave adaptively at a drop‐off. However, different experimental paradigms (visual cliff and actual gaps and slopes) have generated conflicting findings regarding what infants learn and the specificity of their learning. An actual, adjustable drop‐off apparatus was used to investigate whether learning to distinguish a step from a cliff transfers from crawling to walking. Experienced 12‐month‐old crawlers (n = 16) refused to crawl over risky drop‐offs but novice 12‐month‐old walkers (n = 17) stepped repeatedly over the edge. Experienced 18‐month‐old walkers (n = 18) refused to walk over risky drop‐offs but descended using alternative methods. These findings suggest that infants do not acquire generalized responses like fear or wariness of heights. Rather, infants learn to perceive affordances for the experienced action.  相似文献   

Bourdieu knew more than how to play tennis! An empirically based discussion of habituation and reflexivity     

Åse Strandbu  Kari Steen-Johnsen 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(8):1055-1071

This paper explores the role of reflexivity in habituation by contrasting the learning of aerobics and basketball with the acquisition of gendered bodily skills. The discussion is inspired by the paper So, how did Bourdieu learn to play tennis? Habitus, consciousness and habituation, by Noble and Watkins (2003), which represents a fruitful contribution to the debate on the roles of reflexivity and consciousness in learning. Still, this model of habituation remains one-dimensional, since it only addresses habituation involving reflexivity. Based on fieldwork at both a basketball club and an aerobic group for Muslim women, along with interviews with participants in the two arenas, we suggest that even though habituation often involves reflexivity, there are also forms of habituation that do not involve high degrees of consciousness. The paper adds to the on-going theoretical debate about the hybridisation of habitus and reflexivity by offering concrete and empirically based examples of different degrees of reflexivity involved in processes of habituation. This adds to a theoretical underpinning of habitus as a lived, changing category.  相似文献   

Relationships between information seeking and context: A qualitative study of Internet searching and the goals of personal development     

Jarkko Kari  Reijo Savolainen 《Library & information science research》2007

Little research has explored how exactly information processes relate to their context. Context is defined as all those things which are not an inherent part of information phenomena, but which nevertheless bear some relation to these. This article addresses the issue by discussing empirical findings from a study on Internet searching and personal development. The purpose of the article is to construct a general typology for researching the links between information seeking and its context. Grounded analysis of the whole corpus revealed 11 different relationships between Internet searching and the goals of personal development. Because these seem to be quite generalizable to information seeking in other contexts (e.g., parenting or location), too, they were then abstracted into four generic relationships: detachment, unity, direction, and interaction. The classifications are offered as tools for understanding information seeking more contextually and for conducting further research in this area.  相似文献   

A gathering of great minds: Designing twenty‐first century education with twentieth century ideas     

Kari B. Taylor 《About Campus》2005,10(2):17-23

Imagine that influential thinkers of the past could join with those of the present to design today's college student experiences. Author Kari Taylor envisions the outcomes of such a process.  相似文献   

Teaching Confidence Intervals Using Simulation     

Reidar Hagtvedt  Gregory Todd Jones  Kari Jones 《Teaching Statistics》2008,30(2):53-56

Confidence intervals are difficult to teach, in part because most students appear to believe they understand how to interpret them intuitively. They rarely do. To help them abandon their misconception and achieve understanding, we have developed a simulation tool that encourages experimentation with multiple confidence intervals derived from the same population.  相似文献   

From Print to Online: Revamping Technical Services with Centralized and Distributed Workflow Models     

Kari Schmidt  Christine Korytnyk Dulaney 《期刊图书馆员》2014,66(1-4):65-75

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10,000 Libraries, 4 Years: A Large-Scale Study of E-Book Usage and How You Can Use the Data to Move Forward     

Michael Levine-Clark  Kari Paulson  Paul Moeller 《期刊图书馆员》2015,68(1-4):262-268

Michael Levine-Clark and Kari Paulson examine 2013 worldwide usage data for ebrary and E-book Library (EBL) covering hundreds of thousands of titles. They examine usage patterns across academic libraries globally and establish benchmarks useful to libraries and consortia for local planning. Sessions versus availability, the use of higher-quality e-books, broad disciplinary differences, performance relative to predicted use, and level of immersion are considered. Levine-Clark is in the process of analyzing ebrary and EBL data for a forthcoming white paper, and this presentation and associated discussion will inform the development of that study.  相似文献   

Exploring the Potential of Computers to Enrich Home and Community-Based Services Clients' Social Networks     

Samuel Ofei-Dodoo  Louis J. Medvene  Kari M. Nilsen  Rachel A. Smith  Anthony DiLollo 《Educational gerontology》2015,41(3):216-225

Older persons receiving services in community settings, rather than Nursing Homes, are at risk of social isolation. Computer mediated communication offers technological resources that recipients of Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS) might use to reduce their social isolation. The present study involved personal interviews with 40 HCBS clients regarding their interest in communicating with members of their social networks and using computers. At the time of the interview, 30 of the 40 participants did not use computers and reported cost, lack of training, physical limitations, lack of interest and access, and fraud as the reasons for not using computers. After watching a videotape illustrating an easy-to-use computer interface that allows older persons to communicate with families and friends, 90% reported that it would be helpful for people like them. Participants said such a computer would be helpful because it would make communication with friends and family easy, it could accommodate visual and manual disabilities, and would be interesting. Eighty-five percent said they would use a system like the one they were shown if it were available to them.  相似文献   

Preservice and Inservice Teachers’ Challenges in the Planning of Practical Work in Physics     

Ville Nivalainen  Mervi A. Asikainen  Kari Sormunen  Pekka E. Hirvonen 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2010,21(4):393-409

Practical work in school science plays many essential roles that have been discussed in the literature. However, less attention has been paid to how teachers learn the different roles of practical work and to the kind of challenges they face in their learning during laboratory courses designed for teachers. In the present study we applied the principles of grounded theory to frame a set of factors that seem to set major challenges concerning both successful work in the school physics laboratory and also in the preparation of lessons that exploit practical work. The subject groups of the study were preservice and inservice physics teachers who participated in a school laboratory course. Our results derived from a detailed analysis of tutoring discussions between the instructor and the participants in the course, which revealed that the challenges in practical or laboratory work consisted of the limitations of the laboratory facilities, an insufficient knowledge of physics, problems in understanding instructional approaches, and the general organization of practical work. Based on these findings, we present our recommendations on the preparation of preservice and inservice teachers for the more effective use of practical work in school science and in school physics.  相似文献   

Children in nature: sensory engagement and the experience of biodiversity     

Thomas Beery  Kari Anne Jørgensen 《Environmental Education Research》2018,24(1):13-25

Given concerns for a severely diminished childhood experience of nature, coupled with alarm for a rapidly diminishing global biodiversity, this article considers the potential for childhood nature experience to be an important part of biodiversity understanding. Findings from two studies are integrated and presented as windows into childhood nature experience to illuminate important aspects of sensory rich learning. In one study from Sweden, semi-structured interviews with adults were conducted and analyzed to explore an understanding of the sensory experience of childhood collecting in nature via participant memories. In the second study, direct observations of children’s play and exploration in an outdoor kindergarten in Norway were conducted and analyzed. Bringing these two studies together for shared analysis is useful for investigating biodiversity experience and understanding. Analysis supports the idea that the experience of biodiversity, actual childhood interaction with variation and diversity with living and nonliving items from nature allows children important learning opportunities, inclusive of biodiversity understanding. The results support practical implications for sensory rich environmental education and underscores the practical importance of childhood access to nature.  相似文献